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Note: --version must be supplied before any command.
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Checkouts are a way of working with Bazaar that can be quite simple, but also
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very useful, as they allow you to ignore some of the features of distributed
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version control that Bazaar has until you need them. Using them can give you
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a workflow that is very similar to SVN, but still allow others working on
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the project to use another workflow, allow you flexibility in your own
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workflow, and still provide some of the improvements of Bazaar over SVN to
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A checkout is created with the bzr checkout command (see "help checkout").
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You pass it a reference to another branch, and it will create a local branch
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for you that still contains a reference to the branch you created the
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checkout from (the master branch). Then if you commit any changes to your local
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branch those commits will be made on the other branch first. This creates an
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instant mirror of your work, or facilitates lockstep development, where each
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developer is working together, continuously integrating the changes of others.
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However the checkout is still a first class branch in Bazaar terms, so that
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you have the full history locally, and can branch from it, for example to
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work on a feature branch.
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As you have a first class branch you can also commit locally if you want,
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for instance due to the temporary loss af a network connection. Use the
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--local option to commit to do this.
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If you are using a checkout from a shared branch you will periodically want to
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pull in all the changes made by others. This is done using the "update"
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command. The changes need to be pulled before any commit, but Bazaar will tell
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you if there are any changes and suggest that you use this command when needed.
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It is also possible to create a "lightweight" checkout by passing the
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--lightweight flag to checkout. A lightweight checkout is even closer to an
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SVN checkout in that it is not a first class branch, it mainly consists of the
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working tree. This means that any history operations must query the master
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branch, which could be slow if a network connection is involved. Also, as you
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don't have a local branch, then you cannot commit locally.
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Obviously to commit on a checkout you need to be able to write to the master
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branch. This means that there must be a writeable transport in between, such
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as sftp://, and that you have write permissions at the other end. Checkouts
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also work on the local file system, so that all that matters is file
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You can change the master of a checkout by using the "bind" command (see "help
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bind"). This will change the location that the commits are sent to. The bind
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command can also be used to turn a branch in to a heavy checkout. If you
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would like to convert your heavy checkout to a normal branch so that every
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commit is local you can use the "unbind" command.
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checkout Create a checkout. Pass --lightweight to get a lightweight
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update Pull any changes in the master branch in to your checkout
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commit Make a commit that is sent to the master branch. If you have
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a heavy checkout then the --local option will commit to the
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checkout without sending the commit to the master
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bind Change the master branch that the commits in the checkout will
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unbind Turn a heavy checkout into a standalone branch so that any
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commits are only made locally
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topic_registry.register("revisionspec", _help_on_revisionspec,
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"Explain how to use --revision")