1
============================
2
Guidelines for modifying bzr
3
============================
7
7
(The current version of this document is available in the file ``HACKING``
8
in the source tree, or at http://doc.bazaar-vcs.org/current/hacking.html)
8
in the source tree, or at http://doc.bazaar-vcs.org/bzr.dev/hacking.html)
14
Exploring the Bazaar Platform
15
=============================
17
Before making changes, it's a good idea to explore the work already
18
done by others. Perhaps the new feature or improvement you're looking
19
for is available in another plug-in already? If you find a bug,
20
perhaps someone else has already fixed it?
22
To answer these questions and more, take a moment to explore the
23
overall Bazaar Platform. Here are some links to browse:
25
* The Plugins page on the Wiki - http://bazaar-vcs.org/BzrPlugins
27
* The Bazaar product family on Launchpad - https://launchpad.net/bazaar
29
* Bug Tracker for the core product - https://bugs.launchpad.net/bzr/
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* Blueprint Tracker for the core product - https://blueprints.launchpad.net/bzr/
33
If nothing else, perhaps you'll find inspiration in how other developers
34
have solved their challenges.
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Planning and Discussing Changes
38
===============================
40
There is a very active community around Bazaar. Mostly we meet on IRC
41
(#bzr on irc.freenode.net) and on the mailing list. To join the Bazaar
42
community, see http://bazaar-vcs.org/BzrSupport.
44
If you are planning to make a change, it's a very good idea to mention it
45
on the IRC channel and/or on the mailing list. There are many advantages
46
to involving the community before you spend much time on a change.
49
* you get to build on the wisdom on others, saving time
51
* if others can direct you to similar code, it minimises the work to be done
53
* it assists everyone in coordinating direction, priorities and effort.
55
In summary, maximising the input from others typically minimises the
56
total effort required to get your changes merged. The community is
57
friendly, helpful and always keen to welcome newcomers.
60
Bazaar Development in a Nutshell
61
================================
63
Looking for a 10 minute introduction to submitting a change?
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See http://bazaar-vcs.org/BzrGivingBack.
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TODO: Merge that Wiki page into this document.
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Understanding the Development Process
70
=====================================
72
The development team follows many best-practices including:
74
* a public roadmap and planning process in which anyone can participate
76
* time based milestones everyone can work towards and plan around
78
* extensive code review and feedback to contributors
80
* complete and rigorous test coverage on any code contributed
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* automated validation that all tests still pass before code is merged
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into the main code branch.
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The key tools we use to enable these practices are:
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* Launchpad - https://launchpad.net/
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* Bazaar - http://bazaar-vcs.org/
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* Bundle Buggy - http://bundlebuggy.aaronbentley.com/
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* Patch Queue Manager - https://launchpad.net/pqm/
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For further information, see http://bazaar-vcs.org/BzrDevelopment.
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A Closer Look at the Merge & Review Process
99
===========================================
101
If you'd like to propose a change, please post to the
102
bazaar@lists.canonical.com list with a bundle, patch, or link to a
103
branch. Put '[PATCH]' or '[MERGE]' in the subject so Bundle Buggy
104
can pick it out, and explain the change in the email message text.
105
Remember to update the NEWS file as part of your change if it makes any
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changes visible to users or plugin developers. Please include a diff
107
against mainline if you're giving a link to a branch.
109
You can generate a bundle like this::
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bzr bundle > mybundle.patch
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A .patch extension is recommended instead of .bundle as many mail clients
114
will send the latter as a binary file. If a bundle would be too long or your
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mailer mangles whitespace (e.g. implicitly converts Unix newlines to DOS
116
newlines), use the merge-directive command instead like this::
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bzr merge-directive http://bazaar-vcs.org http://example.org/my_branch > my_directive.patch
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See the help for details on the arguments to merge-directive.
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Please do **NOT** put [PATCH] or [MERGE] in the subject line if you don't
123
want it to be merged. If you want comments from developers rather than
124
to be merged, you can put '[RFC]' in the subject line.
126
Anyone is welcome to review code. There are broadly three gates for
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* Doesn't reduce test coverage: if it adds new methods or commands,
130
there should be tests for them. There is a good test framework
131
and plenty of examples to crib from, but if you are having trouble
132
working out how to test something feel free to post a draft patch
135
* Doesn't reduce design clarity, such as by entangling objects
136
we're trying to separate. This is mostly something the more
137
experienced reviewers need to help check.
139
* Improves bugs, features, speed, or code simplicity.
141
Code that goes in should pass all three. The core developers take care
142
to keep the code quality high and understandable while recognising that
143
perfect is sometimes the enemy of good. (It is easy for reviews to make
144
people notice other things which should be fixed but those things should
145
not hold up the original fix being accepted. New things can easily be
146
recorded in the Bug Tracker instead.)
148
Anyone can "vote" on the mailing list. Core developers can also vote using
149
Bundle Buggy. Here are the voting codes and their explanations.
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-1 really don't want it in current form
152
-0 somewhat uncomfortable
153
+0 comfortable but resubmission after changes requested
154
+1 conditional good to go after some minor changes
157
+1 conditional is used as a way to avoid another submit/review cycle for
158
patches that need small changes.
160
If a change gets two +1 votes from core reviewers, and no
161
vetos, then it's OK to come in. Any of the core developers can bring it
162
into the bzr.dev trunk and backport it to maintenance branches if required.
163
The Release Manager will merge the change into the branch for a pending
164
release, if any. As a guideline, core developers usually merge their own
165
changes and volunteer to merge other contributions if they were the second
166
reviewer to agree to a change.
168
To track the progress of proposed changes, use Bundle Buggy. See
169
http://bundlebuggy.aaronbentley.com/help for a link to all the
170
outstanding merge requests together with an explanation of the columns.
171
Bundle Buggy will also mail you a link to track just your change.
174
Preparing a Sandbox for Making Changes to Bazaar
175
================================================
177
Bazaar supports many ways of organising your work. See
178
http://bazaar-vcs.org/SharedRepositoryLayouts for a summary of the
179
popular alternatives.
181
Of course, the best choice for you will depend on numerous factors:
182
the number of changes you may be making, the complexity of the changes, etc.
183
As a starting suggestion though:
185
* create a local copy of the main development branch (bzr.dev) by using
188
bzr branch http://bazaar-vcs.org/bzr/bzr.dev/ bzr.dev
190
* keep your copy of bzr.dev prestine (by not developing in it) and keep
191
it up to date (by using bzr pull)
193
* create a new branch off your local bzr.dev copy for each issue
194
(bug or feature) you are working on.
196
This approach makes it easy to go back and make any required changes
197
after a code review. Resubmitting the change is then simple with no
198
risk of accidentially including edits related to other issues you may
199
be working on. After the changes for an issue are accepted and merged,
200
the associated branch can be deleted or archived as you wish.
203
Navigating the Code Base
204
========================
206
TODO: List and describe in one line the purpose of each directory
207
inside an installation of bzr.
209
TODO: Refer to a central location holding an up to date copy of the API
210
documentation generated by epydoc, e.g. something like
211
http://starship.python.net/crew/mwh/bzrlibapi/bzrlib.html.
217
The Importance of Testing
218
=========================
220
Reliability is a critical success factor for any Version Control System.
221
We want Bazaar to be highly reliable across multiple platforms while
222
evolving over time to meet the needs of its community.
224
In a nutshell, this is want we expect and encourage:
13
226
* New functionality should have test cases. Preferably write the
14
227
test before writing the code.
16
229
In general, you can test at either the command-line level or the
17
internal API level. See Writing Tests below for more detail.
230
internal API level. See Writing tests below for more detail.
19
* Try to practice Test-Driven Development. before fixing a bug, write a
232
* Try to practice Test-Driven Development: before fixing a bug, write a
20
233
test case so that it does not regress. Similarly for adding a new
21
234
feature: write a test case for a small version of the new feature before
22
235
starting on the code itself. Check the test fails on the old code, then
23
236
add the feature or fix and check it passes.
25
* Exceptions should be defined inside bzrlib.errors, so that we can
26
see the whole tree at a glance.
28
* Imports should be done at the top-level of the file, unless there is
29
a strong reason to have them lazily loaded when a particular
30
function runs. Import statements have a cost, so try to make sure
31
they don't run inside hot functions.
33
* Module names should always be given fully-qualified,
34
i.e. ``bzrlib.hashcache`` not just ``hashcache``.
36
* Commands should return non-zero when they encounter circumstances that
37
the user should really pay attention to - which includes trivial shell
40
Recommended values are
42
1. Conflicts in merge-like operations, or changes are present in
44
2. Unrepresentable diff changes (i.e. binary files that we cannot show
46
3. An error or exception has occurred.
238
By doing these things, the Bazaar team gets increased confidence that
239
changes do what they claim to do, whether provided by the core team or
240
by community members. Equally importantly, we can be surer that changes
241
down the track do not break new features or bug fixes that you are
244
As of May 2007, Bazaar ships with a test suite containing over 6000 tests
245
and growing. We are proud of it and want to remain so. As community
246
members, we all benefit from it. Would you trust version control on
247
your project to a product *without* a test suite like Bazaar has?
250
Running the Test Suite
251
======================
253
Currently, bzr selftest is used to invoke tests.
254
You can provide a pattern argument to run a subset. For example,
255
to run just the blackbox tests, run::
257
./bzr selftest -v blackbox
259
To skip a particular test (or set of tests), use the --exclude option
260
(shorthand -x) like so::
262
./bzr selftest -v -x blackbox
264
To list tests without running them, use the --list-only option like so::
266
./bzr selftest --list-only
268
This option can be combined with other selftest options (like -x) and
269
filter patterns to understand their effect.
275
In general tests should be placed in a file named test_FOO.py where
276
FOO is the logical thing under test. That file should be placed in the
277
tests subdirectory under the package being tested.
279
For example, tests for merge3 in bzrlib belong in bzrlib/tests/test_merge3.py.
280
See bzrlib/tests/test_sampler.py for a template test script.
282
Tests can be written for the UI or for individual areas of the library.
283
Choose whichever is appropriate: if adding a new command, or a new command
284
option, then you should be writing a UI test. If you are both adding UI
285
functionality and library functionality, you will want to write tests for
286
both the UI and the core behaviours. We call UI tests 'blackbox' tests
287
and they are found in ``bzrlib/tests/blackbox/*.py``.
289
When writing blackbox tests please honour the following conventions:
291
1. Place the tests for the command 'name' in
292
bzrlib/tests/blackbox/test_name.py. This makes it easy for developers
293
to locate the test script for a faulty command.
295
2. Use the 'self.run_bzr("name")' utility function to invoke the command
296
rather than running bzr in a subprocess or invoking the
297
cmd_object.run() method directly. This is a lot faster than
298
subprocesses and generates the same logging output as running it in a
299
subprocess (which invoking the method directly does not).
301
3. Only test the one command in a single test script. Use the bzrlib
302
library when setting up tests and when evaluating the side-effects of
303
the command. We do this so that the library api has continual pressure
304
on it to be as functional as the command line in a simple manner, and
305
to isolate knock-on effects throughout the blackbox test suite when a
306
command changes its name or signature. Ideally only the tests for a
307
given command are affected when a given command is changed.
309
4. If you have a test which does actually require running bzr in a
310
subprocess you can use ``run_bzr_subprocess``. By default the spawned
311
process will not load plugins unless ``--allow-plugins`` is supplied.
317
We make selective use of doctests__. In general they should provide
318
*examples* within the API documentation which can incidentally be tested. We
319
don't try to test every important case using doctests -- regular Python
320
tests are generally a better solution.
322
Most of these are in ``bzrlib/doc/api``. More additions are welcome.
324
__ http://docs.python.org/lib/module-doctest.html
327
Skipping tests and test requirements
328
------------------------------------
330
In our enhancements to unittest we allow for some addition results beyond
331
just success or failure.
333
If a test can't be run, it can say that it's skipped. This is typically
334
used in parameterized tests - for example if a transport doesn't support
335
setting permissions, we'll skip the tests that relating to that. ::
338
return self.branch_format.initialize(repo.bzrdir)
339
except errors.UninitializableFormat:
340
raise tests.TestSkipped('Uninitializable branch format')
342
Raising TestSkipped is a good idea when you want to make it clear that the
343
test was not run, rather than just returning which makes it look as if it
346
A subtly different case is a test that should run, but can't run in the
347
current environment. This covers tests that can only run in particular
348
operating systems or locales, or that depend on external libraries. Here
349
we want to inform the user that they didn't get full test coverage, but
350
they possibly could if they installed more libraries. These are expressed
351
as a dependency on a feature so we can summarise them, and so that the
352
test for the feature is done only once. (For historical reasons, as of
353
May 2007 many cases that should depend on features currently raise
354
TestSkipped.) The typical use is::
356
class TestStrace(TestCaseWithTransport):
358
_test_needs_features = [StraceFeature]
360
which means all tests in this class need the feature. The feature itself
361
should provide a ``_probe`` method which is called once to determine if
368
Known failures are when a test exists but we know it currently doesn't
369
work, allowing the test suite to still pass. These should be used with
370
care, we don't want a proliferation of quietly broken tests. It might be
371
appropriate to use them if you've committed a test for a bug but not the
372
fix for it, or if something works on Unix but not on Windows.
376
Essential Domain Classes
377
########################
379
Introducing the Object Model
380
============================
382
The core domain objects within the bazaar model are:
392
Transports are explained below. See http://bazaar-vcs.org/Classes/
393
for an introduction to the other key classes.
398
The ``Transport`` layer handles access to local or remote directories.
399
Each Transport object acts like a logical connection to a particular
400
directory, and it allows various operations on files within it. You can
401
*clone* a transport to get a new Transport connected to a subdirectory or
404
Transports are not used for access to the working tree. At present
405
working trees are always local and they are accessed through the regular
406
Python file io mechanisms.
411
Transports work in URLs. Take note that URLs are by definition only
412
ASCII - the decision of how to encode a Unicode string into a URL must be
413
taken at a higher level, typically in the Store. (Note that Stores also
414
escape filenames which cannot be safely stored on all filesystems, but
415
this is a different level.)
417
The main reason for this is that it's not possible to safely roundtrip a
418
URL into Unicode and then back into the same URL. The URL standard
419
gives a way to represent non-ASCII bytes in ASCII (as %-escapes), but
420
doesn't say how those bytes represent non-ASCII characters. (They're not
421
guaranteed to be UTF-8 -- that is common but doesn't happen everywhere.)
423
For example if the user enters the url ``http://example/%e0`` there's no
424
way to tell whether that character represents "latin small letter a with
425
grave" in iso-8859-1, or "latin small letter r with acute" in iso-8859-2
426
or malformed UTF-8. So we can't convert their URL to Unicode reliably.
428
Equally problematic if we're given a url-like string containing non-ascii
429
characters (such as the accented a) we can't be sure how to convert that
430
to the correct URL, because we don't know what encoding the server expects
431
for those characters. (Although this is not totally reliable we might still
432
accept these and assume they should be put into UTF-8.)
434
A similar edge case is that the url ``http://foo/sweet%2Fsour`` contains
435
one directory component whose name is "sweet/sour". The escaped slash is
436
not a directory separator. If we try to convert URLs to regular Unicode
437
paths this information will be lost.
439
This implies that Transports must natively deal with URLs; for simplicity
440
they *only* deal with URLs and conversion of other strings to URLs is done
441
elsewhere. Information they return, such as from ``list_dir``, is also in
442
the form of URL components.
51
451
We have a commitment to 6 months API stability - any supported symbol in a
52
452
release of bzr MUST NOT be altered in any way that would result in
363
793
./bzr selftest -v blackbox
365
To skip a particular test (or set of tests), you need to use a negative
368
./bzr selftest '^(?!.*blackbox)'
371
Errors and exceptions
372
=====================
374
Errors are handled through Python exceptions. They can represent user
375
errors, environmental errors or program bugs. Sometimes we can't be sure
376
at the time it's raised which case applies. See bzrlib/errors.py for
377
details on the error-handling practices.
795
To skip a particular test (or set of tests), use the --exclude option
796
(shorthand -x) like so::
798
./bzr selftest -v -x blackbox
800
To list tests without running them, use the --list-only option like so::
802
./bzr selftest --list-only
804
This option can be combined with other selftest options (like -x) and
805
filter patterns to understand their effect.
808
Handling Errors and Exceptions
809
==============================
811
Commands should return non-zero when they encounter circumstances that
812
the user should really pay attention to - which includes trivial shell
815
Recommended values are:
818
1. Conflicts in merge-like operations, or changes are present in
819
diff-like operations.
820
2. Unrepresentable diff changes (i.e. binary files that we cannot show
822
3. An error or exception has occurred.
824
Errors are handled through Python exceptions. Exceptions should be defined
825
inside bzrlib.errors, so that we can see the whole tree at a glance.
827
We broadly classify errors as either being either internal or not,
828
depending on whether ``internal_error`` is set or not. If we think it's our
829
fault, we show a backtrace, an invitation to report the bug, and possibly
830
other details. This is the default for errors that aren't specifically
831
recognized as being caused by a user error. Otherwise we show a briefer
832
message, unless -Derror was given.
834
Many errors originate as "environmental errors" which are raised by Python
835
or builtin libraries -- for example IOError. These are treated as being
836
our fault, unless they're caught in a particular tight scope where we know
837
that they indicate a user errors. For example if the repository format
838
is not found, the user probably gave the wrong path or URL. But if one of
839
the files inside the repository is not found, then it's our fault --
840
either there's a bug in bzr, or something complicated has gone wrong in
841
the environment that means one internal file was deleted.
843
Many errors are defined in ``bzrlib/errors.py`` but it's OK for new errors
844
to be added near the place where they are used.
846
Exceptions are formatted for the user by conversion to a string
847
(eventually calling their ``__str__`` method.) As a convenience the
848
``._fmt`` member can be used as a template which will be mapped to the
849
error's instance dict.
851
New exception classes should be defined when callers might want to catch
852
that exception specifically, or when it needs a substantially different
855
Exception strings should start with a capital letter and should not have a
856
final fullstop. If long, they may contain newlines to break the text.
862
When you change bzrlib, please update the relevant documentation for the
863
change you made: Changes to commands should update their help, and
864
possibly end user tutorials; changes to the core library should be
865
reflected in API documentation.
870
If you make a user-visible change, please add a note to the NEWS file.
871
The description should be written to make sense to someone who's just
872
a user of bzr, not a developer: new functions or classes shouldn't be
873
mentioned, but new commands, changes in behaviour or fixed nontrivial
874
bugs should be listed. See the existing entries for an idea of what
877
Within each release, entries in the news file should have the most
878
user-visible changes first. So the order should be approximately:
880
* changes to existing behaviour - the highest priority because the
881
user's existing knowledge is incorrect
882
* new features - should be brought to their attention
883
* bug fixes - may be of interest if the bug was affecting them, and
884
should include the bug number if any
885
* major documentation changes
886
* changes to internal interfaces
888
People who made significant contributions to each change are listed in
889
parenthesis. This can include reporting bugs (particularly with good
890
details or reproduction recipes), submitting patches, etc.
895
The docstring of a command is used by ``bzr help`` to generate help output
896
for the command. The list 'takes_options' attribute on a command is used by
897
``bzr help`` to document the options for the command - the command
898
docstring does not need to document them. Finally, the '_see_also'
899
attribute on a command can be used to reference other related help topics.
904
Functions, methods, classes and modules should have docstrings
905
describing how they are used.
907
The first line of the docstring should be a self-contained sentence.
909
For the special case of Command classes, this acts as the user-visible
910
documentation shown by the help command.
912
The docstrings should be formatted as reStructuredText_ (like this
913
document), suitable for processing using the epydoc_ tool into HTML
916
.. _reStructuredText: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html
917
.. _epydoc: http://epydoc.sourceforge.net/
926
The copyright policy for bzr was recently made clear in this email (edited
927
for grammatical correctness)::
929
The attached patch cleans up the copyright and license statements in
930
the bzr source. It also adds tests to help us remember to add them
931
with the correct text.
933
We had the problem that lots of our files were "Copyright Canonical
934
Development Ltd" which is not a real company, and some other variations
935
on this theme. Also, some files were missing the GPL statements.
937
I want to be clear about the intent of this patch, since copyright can
938
be a little controversial.
940
1) The big motivation for this is not to shut out the community, but
941
just to clean up all of the invalid copyright statements.
943
2) It has been the general policy for bzr that we want a single
944
copyright holder for all of the core code. This is following the model
945
set by the FSF, which makes it easier to update the code to a new
946
license in case problems are encountered. (For example, if we want to
947
upgrade the project universally to GPL v3 it is much simpler if there is
948
a single copyright holder). It also makes it clearer if copyright is
949
ever debated, there is a single holder, which makes it easier to defend
950
in court, etc. (I think the FSF position is that if you assign them
951
copyright, they can defend it in court rather than you needing to, and
952
I'm sure Canonical would do the same).
953
As such, Canonical has requested copyright assignments from all of the
956
3) If someone wants to add code and not attribute it to Canonical, there
957
is a specific list of files that are excluded from this check. And the
958
test failure indicates where that is, and how to update it.
960
4) If anyone feels that I changed a copyright statement incorrectly, just
961
let me know, and I'll be happy to correct it. Whenever you have large
962
mechanical changes like this, it is possible to make some mistakes.
964
Just to reiterate, this is a community project, and it is meant to stay
965
that way. Core bzr code is copyright Canonical for legal reasons, and
966
the tests are just there to help us maintain that.
975
Bazaar has a few facilities to help debug problems by going into pdb_, the
978
.. _pdb: http://docs.python.org/lib/debugger-commands.html
980
If the ``BZR_PDB`` environment variable is set
981
then bzr will go into pdb post-mortem mode when an unhandled exception
984
If you send a SIGQUIT signal to bzr, which can be done by pressing
985
Ctrl-\\ on Unix, bzr will go into the debugger immediately. You can
986
continue execution by typing ``c``. This can be disabled if necessary
987
by setting the environment variable ``BZR_SIGQUIT_PDB=0``.
491
1051
valid characters are generated where possible.
497
If you'd like to propose a change, please post to the
498
bazaar-ng@lists.canonical.com list with a patch, bzr changeset, or link to a
499
branch. Please put '[patch]' in the subject so we can pick them out, and
500
include some text explaining the change. Remember to put an update to the NEWS
501
file in your diff, if it makes any changes visible to users or plugin
502
developers. Please include a diff against mainline if you're giving a link to
505
Please indicate if you think the code is ready to merge, or if it's just a
506
draft or for discussion. If you want comments from many developers rather than
507
to be merged, you can put '[rfc]' in the subject lines.
509
Anyone is welcome to review code. There are broadly three gates for
512
* Doesn't reduce test coverage: if it adds new methods or commands,
513
there should be tests for them. There is a good test framework
514
and plenty of examples to crib from, but if you are having trouble
515
working out how to test something feel free to post a draft patch
518
* Doesn't reduce design clarity, such as by entangling objects
519
we're trying to separate. This is mostly something the more
520
experienced reviewers need to help check.
522
* Improves bugs, features, speed, or code simplicity.
524
Code that goes in should pass all three.
526
If you read a patch please reply and say so. We can use a numeric scale
527
of -1, -0, +0, +1, meaning respectively "really don't want it in current
528
form", "somewhat uncomfortable", "ok with me", and "please put it in".
529
Anyone can "vote". (It's not really voting, just a terse expression.)
531
If something gets say two +1 votes from core reviewers, and no
532
vetos, then it's OK to come in. Any of the core developers can bring it
533
into their integration branch, which I'll merge regularly. (If you do
534
so, please reply and say so.)
537
Making installers for OS Windows
1057
The ``bzrlib.osutils`` module has many useful helper functions, including
1058
some more portable variants of functions in the standard library.
1060
In particular, don't use ``shutil.rmtree`` unless it's acceptable for it
1061
to fail on Windows if some files are readonly or still open elsewhere.
1062
Use ``bzrlib.osutils.rmtree`` instead.
1068
We write some extensions in C using pyrex. We design these to work in
1071
* User with no C compiler
1072
* User with C compiler
1075
The recommended way to install bzr is to have a C compiler so that the
1076
extensions can be built, but if no C compiler is present, the pure python
1077
versions we supply will work, though more slowly.
1079
For developers we recommend that pyrex be installed, so that the C
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extensions can be changed if needed.
1082
For the C extensions, the extension module should always match the
1083
original python one in all respects (modulo speed). This should be
1084
maintained over time.
1086
To create an extension, add rules to setup.py for building it with pyrex,
1087
and with distutils. Now start with an empty .pyx file. At the top add
1088
"include 'yourmodule.py'". This will import the contents of foo.py into this
1089
file at build time - remember that only one module will be loaded at
1090
runtime. Now you can subclass classes, or replace functions, and only your
1091
changes need to be present in the .pyx file.
1093
Note that pyrex does not support all 2.4 programming idioms, so some
1094
syntax changes may be required. I.e.
1096
- 'from foo import (bar, gam)' needs to change to not use the brackets.
1097
- 'import foo.bar as bar' needs to be 'import foo.bar; bar = foo.bar'
1099
If the changes are too dramatic, consider
1100
maintaining the python code twice - once in the .pyx, and once in the .py,
1101
and no longer including the .py file.
1104
Making Installers for OS Windows
538
1105
================================
539
1106
To build a win32 installer, see the instructions on the wiki page:
540
1107
http://bazaar-vcs.org/BzrWin32Installer
543
:: vim: ft=rst tw=74 ai
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vim: ft=rst tw=74 ai
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removed
doc/developers/HACKING
