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Undoing mistakes
================
Mistakes happen
---------------
Bazaar has been designed to make it easy to
recover from mistakes as explained below.
Dropping the revision history for a project
-------------------------------------------
If you accidently put the wrong tree under version control, simply
delete the ``.bzr`` directory.
Deregistering a file or directory
---------------------------------
If you accidently register a file using ``add`` that you
don't want version controlled, you can use the ``remove``
command to tell Bazaar to forget about it.
``remove`` has been designed to *Do the Right Thing* in
that it will leave the file on disk if it hasn't been
committed yet but delete it otherwise. For example::
bzr add foo.html
(oops - didn't mean that)
bzr remove foo.html
(foo.html left on disk)
On the other hand::
bzr add TODO
bzr commit -m "added TODO"
(hack, hack, hack - but don't change TODO)
bzr remove TODO
(TODO file deleted)
If you want to insist on keeping the file, use the ``--keep`` option.
If you want to insist on removing the file, use the ``--force`` option.
Note: If you delete a file using your file manager, IDE or via an operating
system command, the ``commit`` command will implicitly treat it as removed.
Undoing changes since the last commit
-------------------------------------
One of the reasons for using a version control tool is that it
lets you easily checkpoint good tree states while working. If you
decide that the changes you have made since the last ``commit`` ought
to be thrown away, the command to use is ``revert`` like this::
bzr revert
As a precaution, it is good practice to use ``bzr diff`` first to
check that everything being thrown away really ought to be.
Undoing changes to a file since the last commit
-----------------------------------------------
If you want to undo changes to a particular file since the last commit but
keep all the other changes in the tree, pass the filename as an argument
to ``revert`` like this::
bzr revert foo.py
Undoing the last commit
-----------------------
If you make a commit and really didn't mean to, use the ``uncommit`` command
to undo it like this::
bzr uncommit
Unlike ``revert``, ``uncommit`` leaves the content of your working tree
exactly as it is. That's really handy if you make a commit and accidently
provide the wrong error message. For example::
bzr commit -m "Fix bug #11"
(damn - wrong bug number)
bzr uncommit
bzr commit -m "Fix bug #1"
Undoing an earlier commit
-------------------------
You can use the -r option to undo several commits like this:
bzr uncommit -r -3
If your reason for doing this is that you really want to
back out several changes, then be sure to remember that ``uncommit``
does not change your working tree: you'll probably need to run the
``revert`` command as well to complete the task. In many cases though,
it's arguably better to leave your history alone and add a new
revision reflecting the content of the last good state.
Reverting to the state of an earlier version
--------------------------------------------
If you make an unwanted change but it doesn't make sense to uncommit
it (because that code has been released to users say), you can use
``revert`` to take your working tree back to the desired state.
For example::
% bzr commit "Fix bug #5"
Committed revision 20.
(release the code)
(hmm - bad fix)
bzr revert -r 20
bzr commit -m "Backout fix for bug #5"
Correcting a tag
----------------
If you have defined a tag prematurely, use the ``--force`` option of
the ``tag`` command to redefine it. For example::
bzr tag 2.0-beta-1
(oops, we're not yet ready for that)
bzr tag 2.0-beta-1 --force
Clearing a tag
--------------
If you have defined a tag and no longer want it defined, use the
``--delete`` option of the ``tag`` command to remove it. For example::
bzr tag 2.0-beta-4
(oops, we're not releasing a 4th beta)
bzr tag 2.0-beta-4 --delete
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