782
812
old_repository = self.repository
783
813
if len(old_repository._fallback_repositories) != 1:
784
814
raise AssertionError("can't cope with fallback repositories "
785
"of %r" % (self.repository,))
786
# unlock it, including unlocking the fallback
815
"of %r (fallbacks: %r)" % (old_repository,
816
old_repository._fallback_repositories))
817
# Open the new repository object.
818
# Repositories don't offer an interface to remove fallback
819
# repositories today; take the conceptually simpler option and just
820
# reopen it. We reopen it starting from the URL so that we
821
# get a separate connection for RemoteRepositories and can
822
# stream from one of them to the other. This does mean doing
823
# separate SSH connection setup, but unstacking is not a
824
# common operation so it's tolerable.
825
new_bzrdir = bzrdir.BzrDir.open(self.bzrdir.root_transport.base)
826
new_repository = new_bzrdir.find_repository()
827
if new_repository._fallback_repositories:
828
raise AssertionError("didn't expect %r to have "
829
"fallback_repositories"
830
% (self.repository,))
831
# Replace self.repository with the new repository.
832
# Do our best to transfer the lock state (i.e. lock-tokens and
833
# lock count) of self.repository to the new repository.
834
lock_token = old_repository.lock_write().repository_token
835
self.repository = new_repository
836
if isinstance(self, remote.RemoteBranch):
837
# Remote branches can have a second reference to the old
838
# repository that need to be replaced.
839
if self._real_branch is not None:
840
self._real_branch.repository = new_repository
841
self.repository.lock_write(token=lock_token)
842
if lock_token is not None:
843
old_repository.leave_lock_in_place()
787
844
old_repository.unlock()
845
if lock_token is not None:
846
# XXX: self.repository.leave_lock_in_place() before this
847
# function will not be preserved. Fortunately that doesn't
848
# affect the current default format (2a), and would be a
849
# corner-case anyway.
850
# - Andrew Bennetts, 2010/06/30
851
self.repository.dont_leave_lock_in_place()
855
old_repository.unlock()
856
except errors.LockNotHeld:
859
if old_lock_count == 0:
860
raise AssertionError(
861
'old_repository should have been locked at least once.')
862
for i in range(old_lock_count-1):
863
self.repository.lock_write()
864
# Fetch from the old repository into the new.
788
865
old_repository.lock_read()
790
# Repositories don't offer an interface to remove fallback
791
# repositories today; take the conceptually simpler option and just
792
# reopen it. We reopen it starting from the URL so that we
793
# get a separate connection for RemoteRepositories and can
794
# stream from one of them to the other. This does mean doing
795
# separate SSH connection setup, but unstacking is not a
796
# common operation so it's tolerable.
797
new_bzrdir = bzrdir.BzrDir.open(self.bzrdir.root_transport.base)
798
new_repository = new_bzrdir.find_repository()
799
self.repository = new_repository
800
if self.repository._fallback_repositories:
801
raise AssertionError("didn't expect %r to have "
802
"fallback_repositories"
803
% (self.repository,))
804
# this is not paired with an unlock because it's just restoring
805
# the previous state; the lock's released when set_stacked_on_url
807
self.repository.lock_write()
808
867
# XXX: If you unstack a branch while it has a working tree
809
868
# with a pending merge, the pending-merged revisions will no
810
869
# longer be present. You can (probably) revert and remerge.
812
# XXX: This only fetches up to the tip of the repository; it
813
# doesn't bring across any tags. That's fairly consistent
814
# with how branch works, but perhaps not ideal.
815
self.repository.fetch(old_repository,
816
revision_id=self.last_revision(),
871
tags_to_fetch = set(self.tags.get_reverse_tag_dict())
872
except errors.TagsNotSupported:
873
tags_to_fetch = set()
874
fetch_spec = _mod_graph.NotInOtherForRevs(self.repository,
875
old_repository, required_ids=[self.last_revision()],
876
if_present_ids=tags_to_fetch, find_ghosts=True).execute()
877
self.repository.fetch(old_repository, fetch_spec=fetch_spec)
819
879
old_repository.unlock()
929
995
return (0, _mod_revision.NULL_REVISION)
931
@deprecated_method(deprecated_in((1, 6, 0)))
932
def missing_revisions(self, other, stop_revision=None):
933
"""Return a list of new revisions that would perfectly fit.
935
If self and other have not diverged, return a list of the revisions
936
present in other, but missing from self.
938
self_history = self.revision_history()
939
self_len = len(self_history)
940
other_history = other.revision_history()
941
other_len = len(other_history)
942
common_index = min(self_len, other_len) -1
943
if common_index >= 0 and \
944
self_history[common_index] != other_history[common_index]:
945
raise errors.DivergedBranches(self, other)
947
if stop_revision is None:
948
stop_revision = other_len
950
if stop_revision > other_len:
951
raise errors.NoSuchRevision(self, stop_revision)
952
return other_history[self_len:stop_revision]
955
def update_revisions(self, other, stop_revision=None, overwrite=False,
957
"""Pull in new perfect-fit revisions.
959
:param other: Another Branch to pull from
960
:param stop_revision: Updated until the given revision
961
:param overwrite: Always set the branch pointer, rather than checking
962
to see if it is a proper descendant.
963
:param graph: A Graph object that can be used to query history
964
information. This can be None.
967
return InterBranch.get(other, self).update_revisions(stop_revision,
997
@deprecated_method(deprecated_in((2, 4, 0)))
970
998
def import_last_revision_info(self, source_repo, revno, revid):
971
999
"""Set the last revision info, importing from another repo if necessary.
973
This is used by the bound branch code to upload a revision to
974
the master branch first before updating the tip of the local branch.
976
1001
:param source_repo: Source repository to optionally fetch from
977
1002
:param revno: Revision number of the new tip
978
1003
:param revid: Revision id of the new tip
1562
1624
for hook in hooks:
1565
def _initialize_helper(self, a_bzrdir, utf8_files, name=None,
1566
lock_type='metadir', set_format=True):
1567
"""Initialize a branch in a bzrdir, with specified files
1569
:param a_bzrdir: The bzrdir to initialize the branch in
1570
:param utf8_files: The files to create as a list of
1571
(filename, content) tuples
1572
:param name: Name of colocated branch to create, if any
1573
:param set_format: If True, set the format with
1574
self.get_format_string. (BzrBranch4 has its format set
1576
:return: a branch in this format
1578
mutter('creating branch %r in %s', self, a_bzrdir.user_url)
1579
branch_transport = a_bzrdir.get_branch_transport(self, name=name)
1581
'metadir': ('lock', lockdir.LockDir),
1582
'branch4': ('branch-lock', lockable_files.TransportLock),
1584
lock_name, lock_class = lock_map[lock_type]
1585
control_files = lockable_files.LockableFiles(branch_transport,
1586
lock_name, lock_class)
1587
control_files.create_lock()
1589
control_files.lock_write()
1590
except errors.LockContention:
1591
if lock_type != 'branch4':
1597
utf8_files += [('format', self.get_format_string())]
1599
for (filename, content) in utf8_files:
1600
branch_transport.put_bytes(
1602
mode=a_bzrdir._get_file_mode())
1605
control_files.unlock()
1606
branch = self.open(a_bzrdir, name, _found=True)
1607
self._run_post_branch_init_hooks(a_bzrdir, name, branch)
1610
def initialize(self, a_bzrdir, name=None):
1627
def initialize(self, a_bzrdir, name=None, repository=None):
1611
1628
"""Create a branch of this format in a_bzrdir.
1613
1630
:param name: Name of the colocated branch to create.
1704
1758
These are all empty initially, because by default nothing should get
1707
Hooks.__init__(self)
1708
self.create_hook(HookPoint('set_rh',
1761
Hooks.__init__(self, "bzrlib.branch", "Branch.hooks")
1762
self.add_hook('set_rh',
1709
1763
"Invoked whenever the revision history has been set via "
1710
1764
"set_revision_history. The api signature is (branch, "
1711
1765
"revision_history), and the branch will be write-locked. "
1712
1766
"The set_rh hook can be expensive for bzr to trigger, a better "
1713
"hook to use is Branch.post_change_branch_tip.", (0, 15), None))
1714
self.create_hook(HookPoint('open',
1767
"hook to use is Branch.post_change_branch_tip.", (0, 15))
1768
self.add_hook('open',
1715
1769
"Called with the Branch object that has been opened after a "
1716
"branch is opened.", (1, 8), None))
1717
self.create_hook(HookPoint('post_push',
1770
"branch is opened.", (1, 8))
1771
self.add_hook('post_push',
1718
1772
"Called after a push operation completes. post_push is called "
1719
1773
"with a bzrlib.branch.BranchPushResult object and only runs in the "
1720
"bzr client.", (0, 15), None))
1721
self.create_hook(HookPoint('post_pull',
1774
"bzr client.", (0, 15))
1775
self.add_hook('post_pull',
1722
1776
"Called after a pull operation completes. post_pull is called "
1723
1777
"with a bzrlib.branch.PullResult object and only runs in the "
1724
"bzr client.", (0, 15), None))
1725
self.create_hook(HookPoint('pre_commit',
1726
"Called after a commit is calculated but before it is is "
1778
"bzr client.", (0, 15))
1779
self.add_hook('pre_commit',
1780
"Called after a commit is calculated but before it is "
1727
1781
"completed. pre_commit is called with (local, master, old_revno, "
1728
1782
"old_revid, future_revno, future_revid, tree_delta, future_tree"
1729
1783
"). old_revid is NULL_REVISION for the first commit to a branch, "
1731
1785
"basis revision. hooks MUST NOT modify this delta. "
1732
1786
" future_tree is an in-memory tree obtained from "
1733
1787
"CommitBuilder.revision_tree() and hooks MUST NOT modify this "
1734
"tree.", (0,91), None))
1735
self.create_hook(HookPoint('post_commit',
1789
self.add_hook('post_commit',
1736
1790
"Called in the bzr client after a commit has completed. "
1737
1791
"post_commit is called with (local, master, old_revno, old_revid, "
1738
1792
"new_revno, new_revid). old_revid is NULL_REVISION for the first "
1739
"commit to a branch.", (0, 15), None))
1740
self.create_hook(HookPoint('post_uncommit',
1793
"commit to a branch.", (0, 15))
1794
self.add_hook('post_uncommit',
1741
1795
"Called in the bzr client after an uncommit completes. "
1742
1796
"post_uncommit is called with (local, master, old_revno, "
1743
1797
"old_revid, new_revno, new_revid) where local is the local branch "
1744
1798
"or None, master is the target branch, and an empty branch "
1745
"receives new_revno of 0, new_revid of None.", (0, 15), None))
1746
self.create_hook(HookPoint('pre_change_branch_tip',
1799
"receives new_revno of 0, new_revid of None.", (0, 15))
1800
self.add_hook('pre_change_branch_tip',
1747
1801
"Called in bzr client and server before a change to the tip of a "
1748
1802
"branch is made. pre_change_branch_tip is called with a "
1749
1803
"bzrlib.branch.ChangeBranchTipParams. Note that push, pull, "
1750
"commit, uncommit will all trigger this hook.", (1, 6), None))
1751
self.create_hook(HookPoint('post_change_branch_tip',
1804
"commit, uncommit will all trigger this hook.", (1, 6))
1805
self.add_hook('post_change_branch_tip',
1752
1806
"Called in bzr client and server after a change to the tip of a "
1753
1807
"branch is made. post_change_branch_tip is called with a "
1754
1808
"bzrlib.branch.ChangeBranchTipParams. Note that push, pull, "
1755
"commit, uncommit will all trigger this hook.", (1, 4), None))
1756
self.create_hook(HookPoint('transform_fallback_location',
1809
"commit, uncommit will all trigger this hook.", (1, 4))
1810
self.add_hook('transform_fallback_location',
1757
1811
"Called when a stacked branch is activating its fallback "
1758
1812
"locations. transform_fallback_location is called with (branch, "
1759
1813
"url), and should return a new url. Returning the same url "
1764
1818
"fallback locations have not been activated. When there are "
1765
1819
"multiple hooks installed for transform_fallback_location, "
1766
1820
"all are called with the url returned from the previous hook."
1767
"The order is however undefined.", (1, 9), None))
1768
self.create_hook(HookPoint('automatic_tag_name',
1769
"Called to determine an automatic tag name for a revision."
1821
"The order is however undefined.", (1, 9))
1822
self.add_hook('automatic_tag_name',
1823
"Called to determine an automatic tag name for a revision. "
1770
1824
"automatic_tag_name is called with (branch, revision_id) and "
1771
1825
"should return a tag name or None if no tag name could be "
1772
1826
"determined. The first non-None tag name returned will be used.",
1774
self.create_hook(HookPoint('post_branch_init',
1828
self.add_hook('post_branch_init',
1775
1829
"Called after new branch initialization completes. "
1776
1830
"post_branch_init is called with a "
1777
1831
"bzrlib.branch.BranchInitHookParams. "
1778
1832
"Note that init, branch and checkout (both heavyweight and "
1779
"lightweight) will all trigger this hook.", (2, 2), None))
1780
self.create_hook(HookPoint('post_switch',
1833
"lightweight) will all trigger this hook.", (2, 2))
1834
self.add_hook('post_switch',
1781
1835
"Called after a checkout switches branch. "
1782
1836
"post_switch is called with a "
1783
"bzrlib.branch.SwitchHookParams.", (2, 2), None))
1837
"bzrlib.branch.SwitchHookParams.", (2, 2))
3182
3260
raise NotImplementedError(self.push)
3263
def copy_content_into(self, revision_id=None):
3264
"""Copy the content of source into target
3266
revision_id: if not None, the revision history in the new branch will
3267
be truncated to end with revision_id.
3269
raise NotImplementedError(self.copy_content_into)
3272
def fetch(self, stop_revision=None):
3275
:param stop_revision: Last revision to fetch
3277
raise NotImplementedError(self.fetch)
3185
3280
class GenericInterBranch(InterBranch):
3186
"""InterBranch implementation that uses public Branch functions.
3190
def _get_branch_formats_to_test():
3191
return BranchFormat._default_format, BranchFormat._default_format
3193
def update_revisions(self, stop_revision=None, overwrite=False,
3195
"""See InterBranch.update_revisions()."""
3281
"""InterBranch implementation that uses public Branch functions."""
3284
def is_compatible(klass, source, target):
3285
# GenericBranch uses the public API, so always compatible
3289
def _get_branch_formats_to_test(klass):
3290
return [(format_registry.get_default(), format_registry.get_default())]
3293
def unwrap_format(klass, format):
3294
if isinstance(format, remote.RemoteBranchFormat):
3295
format._ensure_real()
3296
return format._custom_format
3300
def copy_content_into(self, revision_id=None):
3301
"""Copy the content of source into target
3303
revision_id: if not None, the revision history in the new branch will
3304
be truncated to end with revision_id.
3306
self.source.update_references(self.target)
3307
self.source._synchronize_history(self.target, revision_id)
3309
parent = self.source.get_parent()
3310
except errors.InaccessibleParent, e:
3311
mutter('parent was not accessible to copy: %s', e)
3314
self.target.set_parent(parent)
3315
if self.source._push_should_merge_tags():
3316
self.source.tags.merge_to(self.target.tags)
3319
def fetch(self, stop_revision=None):
3320
if self.target.base == self.source.base:
3196
3322
self.source.lock_read()
3198
other_revno, other_last_revision = self.source.last_revision_info()
3199
stop_revno = None # unknown
3200
if stop_revision is None:
3201
stop_revision = other_last_revision
3202
if _mod_revision.is_null(stop_revision):
3203
# if there are no commits, we're done.
3205
stop_revno = other_revno
3207
# what's the current last revision, before we fetch [and change it
3209
last_rev = _mod_revision.ensure_null(self.target.last_revision())
3210
# we fetch here so that we don't process data twice in the common
3211
# case of having something to pull, and so that the check for
3212
# already merged can operate on the just fetched graph, which will
3213
# be cached in memory.
3214
self.target.fetch(self.source, stop_revision)
3215
# Check to see if one is an ancestor of the other
3218
graph = self.target.repository.get_graph()
3219
if self.target._check_if_descendant_or_diverged(
3220
stop_revision, last_rev, graph, self.source):
3221
# stop_revision is a descendant of last_rev, but we aren't
3222
# overwriting, so we're done.
3224
if stop_revno is None:
3226
graph = self.target.repository.get_graph()
3227
this_revno, this_last_revision = \
3228
self.target.last_revision_info()
3229
stop_revno = graph.find_distance_to_null(stop_revision,
3230
[(other_last_revision, other_revno),
3231
(this_last_revision, this_revno)])
3232
self.target.set_last_revision_info(stop_revno, stop_revision)
3324
fetch_spec_factory = fetch.FetchSpecFactory()
3325
fetch_spec_factory.source_branch = self.source
3326
fetch_spec_factory.source_branch_stop_revision_id = stop_revision
3327
fetch_spec_factory.source_repo = self.source.repository
3328
fetch_spec_factory.target_repo = self.target.repository
3329
fetch_spec_factory.target_repo_kind = fetch.TargetRepoKinds.PREEXISTING
3330
fetch_spec = fetch_spec_factory.make_fetch_spec()
3331
return self.target.repository.fetch(self.source.repository,
3332
fetch_spec=fetch_spec)
3234
3334
self.source.unlock()
3337
def _update_revisions(self, stop_revision=None, overwrite=False,
3339
other_revno, other_last_revision = self.source.last_revision_info()
3340
stop_revno = None # unknown
3341
if stop_revision is None:
3342
stop_revision = other_last_revision
3343
if _mod_revision.is_null(stop_revision):
3344
# if there are no commits, we're done.
3346
stop_revno = other_revno
3348
# what's the current last revision, before we fetch [and change it
3350
last_rev = _mod_revision.ensure_null(self.target.last_revision())
3351
# we fetch here so that we don't process data twice in the common
3352
# case of having something to pull, and so that the check for
3353
# already merged can operate on the just fetched graph, which will
3354
# be cached in memory.
3355
self.fetch(stop_revision=stop_revision)
3356
# Check to see if one is an ancestor of the other
3359
graph = self.target.repository.get_graph()
3360
if self.target._check_if_descendant_or_diverged(
3361
stop_revision, last_rev, graph, self.source):
3362
# stop_revision is a descendant of last_rev, but we aren't
3363
# overwriting, so we're done.
3365
if stop_revno is None:
3367
graph = self.target.repository.get_graph()
3368
this_revno, this_last_revision = \
3369
self.target.last_revision_info()
3370
stop_revno = graph.find_distance_to_null(stop_revision,
3371
[(other_last_revision, other_revno),
3372
(this_last_revision, this_revno)])
3373
self.target.set_last_revision_info(stop_revno, stop_revision)
3236
3376
def pull(self, overwrite=False, stop_revision=None,
3237
possible_transports=None, _hook_master=None, run_hooks=True,
3377
possible_transports=None, run_hooks=True,
3238
3378
_override_hook_target=None, local=False):
3379
"""Pull from source into self, updating my master if any.
3241
:param _hook_master: Private parameter - set the branch to
3242
be supplied as the master to pull hooks.
3243
3381
:param run_hooks: Private parameter - if false, this branch
3244
3382
is being called because it's the master of the primary branch,
3245
3383
so it should not run its hooks.
3246
:param _override_hook_target: Private parameter - set the branch to be
3247
supplied as the target_branch to pull hooks.
3248
:param local: Only update the local branch, and not the bound branch.
3250
# This type of branch can't be bound.
3385
bound_location = self.target.get_bound_location()
3386
if local and not bound_location:
3252
3387
raise errors.LocalRequiresBoundBranch()
3253
result = PullResult()
3254
result.source_branch = self.source
3255
if _override_hook_target is None:
3256
result.target_branch = self.target
3258
result.target_branch = _override_hook_target
3259
self.source.lock_read()
3388
master_branch = None
3389
source_is_master = (self.source.user_url == bound_location)
3390
if not local and bound_location and not source_is_master:
3391
# not pulling from master, so we need to update master.
3392
master_branch = self.target.get_master_branch(possible_transports)
3393
master_branch.lock_write()
3261
# We assume that during 'pull' the target repository is closer than
3263
self.source.update_references(self.target)
3264
graph = self.target.repository.get_graph(self.source.repository)
3265
# TODO: Branch formats should have a flag that indicates
3266
# that revno's are expensive, and pull() should honor that flag.
3268
result.old_revno, result.old_revid = \
3269
self.target.last_revision_info()
3270
self.target.update_revisions(self.source, stop_revision,
3271
overwrite=overwrite, graph=graph)
3272
# TODO: The old revid should be specified when merging tags,
3273
# so a tags implementation that versions tags can only
3274
# pull in the most recent changes. -- JRV20090506
3275
result.tag_conflicts = self.source.tags.merge_to(self.target.tags,
3277
result.new_revno, result.new_revid = self.target.last_revision_info()
3279
result.master_branch = _hook_master
3280
result.local_branch = result.target_branch
3282
result.master_branch = result.target_branch
3283
result.local_branch = None
3285
for hook in Branch.hooks['post_pull']:
3396
# pull from source into master.
3397
master_branch.pull(self.source, overwrite, stop_revision,
3399
return self._pull(overwrite,
3400
stop_revision, _hook_master=master_branch,
3401
run_hooks=run_hooks,
3402
_override_hook_target=_override_hook_target,
3403
merge_tags_to_master=not source_is_master)
3288
self.source.unlock()
3406
master_branch.unlock()
3291
3408
def push(self, overwrite=False, stop_revision=None,
3292
3409
_override_hook_source_branch=None):
3358
def is_compatible(self, source, target):
3359
# GenericBranch uses the public API, so always compatible
3363
class InterToBranch5(GenericInterBranch):
3366
def _get_branch_formats_to_test():
3367
return BranchFormat._default_format, BzrBranchFormat5()
3369
def pull(self, overwrite=False, stop_revision=None,
3370
possible_transports=None, run_hooks=True,
3371
_override_hook_target=None, local=False):
3372
"""Pull from source into self, updating my master if any.
3495
def _pull(self, overwrite=False, stop_revision=None,
3496
possible_transports=None, _hook_master=None, run_hooks=True,
3497
_override_hook_target=None, local=False,
3498
merge_tags_to_master=True):
3501
This function is the core worker, used by GenericInterBranch.pull to
3502
avoid duplication when pulling source->master and source->local.
3504
:param _hook_master: Private parameter - set the branch to
3505
be supplied as the master to pull hooks.
3374
3506
:param run_hooks: Private parameter - if false, this branch
3375
3507
is being called because it's the master of the primary branch,
3376
3508
so it should not run its hooks.
3509
is being called because it's the master of the primary branch,
3510
so it should not run its hooks.
3511
:param _override_hook_target: Private parameter - set the branch to be
3512
supplied as the target_branch to pull hooks.
3513
:param local: Only update the local branch, and not the bound branch.
3378
bound_location = self.target.get_bound_location()
3379
if local and not bound_location:
3515
# This type of branch can't be bound.
3380
3517
raise errors.LocalRequiresBoundBranch()
3381
master_branch = None
3382
if not local and bound_location and self.source.user_url != bound_location:
3383
# not pulling from master, so we need to update master.
3384
master_branch = self.target.get_master_branch(possible_transports)
3385
master_branch.lock_write()
3518
result = PullResult()
3519
result.source_branch = self.source
3520
if _override_hook_target is None:
3521
result.target_branch = self.target
3523
result.target_branch = _override_hook_target
3524
self.source.lock_read()
3388
# pull from source into master.
3389
master_branch.pull(self.source, overwrite, stop_revision,
3391
return super(InterToBranch5, self).pull(overwrite,
3392
stop_revision, _hook_master=master_branch,
3393
run_hooks=run_hooks,
3394
_override_hook_target=_override_hook_target)
3526
# We assume that during 'pull' the target repository is closer than
3528
self.source.update_references(self.target)
3529
graph = self.target.repository.get_graph(self.source.repository)
3530
# TODO: Branch formats should have a flag that indicates
3531
# that revno's are expensive, and pull() should honor that flag.
3533
result.old_revno, result.old_revid = \
3534
self.target.last_revision_info()
3535
self._update_revisions(stop_revision, overwrite=overwrite,
3537
# TODO: The old revid should be specified when merging tags,
3538
# so a tags implementation that versions tags can only
3539
# pull in the most recent changes. -- JRV20090506
3540
result.tag_conflicts = self.source.tags.merge_to(self.target.tags,
3541
overwrite, ignore_master=not merge_tags_to_master)
3542
result.new_revno, result.new_revid = self.target.last_revision_info()
3544
result.master_branch = _hook_master
3545
result.local_branch = result.target_branch
3547
result.master_branch = result.target_branch
3548
result.local_branch = None
3550
for hook in Branch.hooks['post_pull']:
3397
master_branch.unlock()
3553
self.source.unlock()
3400
3557
InterBranch.register_optimiser(GenericInterBranch)
3401
InterBranch.register_optimiser(InterToBranch5)