8
Bazaar is a distributed version control system that makes it easier for
9
people to work together on software projects.
11
Over the next five minutes, you'll learn how to put your files under
12
version control, how to record changes to them, examine your work, publish
13
it and send your work for merger into a project's trunk.
15
If you'd prefer a more detailed introduction, take a look at
22
This guide doesn't describe how to install Bazaar but it's usually very
23
easy. You can find installation instructions at:
25
- **GNU/Linux:** Bazaar is probably in your GNU/Linux distribution already.
26
- **Windows:** `installation instructions for Windows`_.
27
- **Mac OS X:** `installation instructions for Mac OS X`_.
29
For other platforms and to install from source code, see the Download_
30
and Installation_ pages.
32
.. _installation instructions for Windows: http://bazaar-vcs.org/WindowsDownloads
33
.. _installation instructions for Mac OS X: http://bazaar-vcs.org/MacOSXBundle
34
.. _Download: http://bazaar-vcs.org/Download
35
.. _Installation: http://bazaar-vcs.org/InstallationFaq
41
Before you start working, it is good to tell Bazaar who you are. That
42
way your work is properly identified in revision logs.
44
Using your name and email address, instead of John Doe's, type::
46
$ bzr whoami "John Doe <john.doe@gmail.com>"
48
Bazaar will now create or modify a configuration file, including your
49
name and email address.
51
Now, check that your name and email address are correctly registered::
54
John Doe <john.doe@gmail.com>
57
Putting files under version control
58
===================================
60
Let's create a directory and some files to use with Bazaar::
65
$ touch test1.txt test2.txt test3.txt subdirectory/test4.txt
67
**Note for Windows users:** use Windows Explorer to create your
68
directories, then right-click in those directories and select
69
``New file`` to create your files.
71
Now get Bazaar to initialize itself in your project directory::
75
If it looks like nothing happened, don't worry. Bazaar has created a
76
branch_ where it will store your files and their revision histories.
78
.. _branch: http://bazaar-vcs.org/Branch
80
The next step is to tell Bazaar which files you want to track. Running
81
``bzr add`` will recursively add everything in the project::
88
added subdirectory/test4.txt
90
Next, take a snapshot of your files by committing them to your branch. Add
91
a message to explain why you made the commit::
93
$ bzr commit -m "Initial import"
95
As Bazaar is a distributed version control system, it doesn't need to
96
connect to a central server to make the commit. Instead, Bazaar stores your
97
branch and all its commits inside the directory you're working with; look
98
for the ``.bzr`` sub-directory.
101
Making changes to your files
102
============================
104
Let's change a file and commit that change to your branch.
106
Edit ``test1.txt`` in your favourite editor, then check what have you done::
109
=== modified file 'test1.txt'
110
--- test1.txt 2007-10-08 17:56:14 +0000
111
+++ test1.txt 2007-10-08 17:46:22 +0000
115
Commit your work to the Bazaar branch::
117
$ bzr commit -m "Added first line of text"
118
Committed revision 2.
121
Viewing the revision log
122
========================
124
You can see the history of your branch by browsing its log::
127
------------------------------------------------------------
129
committer: John Doe <john.doe@gmail.com>
130
branch nick: myproject
131
timestamp: Mon 2007-10-08 17:56:14 +0000
133
Added first line of text
134
------------------------------------------------------------
136
committer: John Doe <john.doe@gmail.com>
137
branch nick: myproject
138
timestamp: Mon 2006-10-08 17:46:22 +0000
143
Publishing your branch with sftp
144
================================
146
There are a couple of ways to publish your branch. If you already have
147
an SFTP server or are comfortable setting one up, you can publish your
150
Otherwise, skip to the next section to publish with Launchpad_, a free
151
hosting service for Bazaar.
153
.. _Launchpad: https://launchpad.net/
155
Let's assume you want to publish your branch at ``www.example.com/myproject``::
157
$ bzr push --create-prefix sftp://your.name@example.com/~/public_html/myproject
158
2 revision(s) pushed.
160
Bazaar will create a ``myproject`` directory on the remote server and
161
push your branch to it.
163
Now anyone can create their own copy of your branch by typing::
165
$ bzr branch http://www.example.com/myproject
167
**Note:** to use sftp, you may need to install ``paramiko`` and
168
``pyCrypto``. See http://bazaar-vcs.org/InstallationFaq for details.
171
Publishing your branch with Launchpad
172
=====================================
174
Launchpad is a suite of development and hosting tools for free
175
software projects. You can use it to publish your branch.
177
If you don't have a Launchpad account, follow the `account signup guide`_
178
and `register an SSH key`_ in your new Launchpad account.
180
.. _account signup guide: https://help.launchpad.net/CreatingYourLaunchpadAccount
181
.. _register an SSH key: https://launchpad.net/people/+me/+editsshkeys
183
Replacing ``john.doe`` with your own Launchpad username, type [#]_::
185
$ bzr push lp:~john.doe/+junk/myproject
187
.. [#] Use of the ``lp:`` URL scheme requires bzr 0.92 or later.
189
**Note:** ``+junk`` means that this branch isn't associated with any particular
190
project in Launchpad.
192
Now, anyone can create their own copy of your branch by typing::
194
$ bzr branch lp:~john.doe/+junk/myproject
196
You can also see information about your branch, including its revision
197
history, at https://code.launchpad.net/people/+me/+junk/myproject
200
Creating your own copy of another branch
201
========================================
203
To work with someone else's code, you can make your own copy of their
204
branch. Let's take a real-world example, Bazaar's GTK interface::
206
$ bzr branch lp:~bzr/bzr-gtk/trunk bzr-gtk.john
207
Branched 292 revision(s).
209
Bazaar will download all the files and complete revision history from the
210
bzr-gtk project's trunk branch and create a copy called bzr-gtk.john.
212
Now, you have your own copy of the branch and can commit changes with
213
or without a net connection. You can share your branch at any time by
214
publishing it and, if the bzr-gtk team want to use your work, Bazaar
215
makes it easy for them to merge your branch back into their trunk branch.
218
Updating your branch from the main branch
219
=========================================
221
While you commit changes to your branch, it's likely that other people will
222
also continue to commit code to the parent branch.
224
To make sure your branch stays up to date, you should merge changes from
225
the parent into your personal branch::
228
Merging from saved parent location: http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~bzr/bzr-gtk/trunk
229
All changes applied successfully.
231
Check what has changed::
235
If you're happy with the changes, you can commit them to your personal
238
$ bzr commit -m "Merge from main branch"
239
Committed revision 295.
242
Merging your work into the parent branch
243
========================================
245
After you've worked on your personal branch of bzr-gtk, you may want to
246
send your changes back upstream to the project. The easiest way is to
247
use a merge directive.
249
A merge directive is a machine-readable request to perform a
250
particular merge. It usually contains a patch preview of the merge
251
and either contains the necessary revisions, or provides a branch
252
where they can be found.
254
Replacing ``mycode.patch``, create your merge directive::
256
$ bzr send -o mycode.patch
257
Using saved parent location: http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~bzr/bzr-gtk/trunk
259
You can now email the merge directive to the bzr-gtk project who, if
260
they choose, can use it merge your work back into the parent branch.
266
You can find out more about Bazaar in the
267
`Bazaar User Guide <../user-guide/index.html>`_.
269
To learn about Bazaar on the command-line::
273
To learn about Bazaar commands::
277
To learn about the ''foo'' topic or command::
added
removed
doc/en/mini-tutorial/index.txt
