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# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
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# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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"""A collection of extra help information for using bzr.
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return ''.join(out)
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def _load_from_file(topic_name):
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"""Load help from a file.
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Topics are expected to be txt files in bzrlib.help_topics.
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resource_name = osutils.pathjoin("en", "%s.txt" % (topic_name,))
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return osutils.resource_string('bzrlib.help_topics', resource_name)
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def _help_on_revisionspec(name):
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"""Generate the help for revision specs."""
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import bzrlib.revisionspec
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"""Revision Identifiers
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A revision identifier refers to a specific state of a branch's history. It
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can be expressed in several ways. It can begin with a keyword to
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unambiguously specify a given lookup type; some examples are 'last:1',
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'before:yesterday' and 'submit:'.
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Alternately, it can be given without a keyword, in which case it will be
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checked as a revision number, a tag, a revision id, a date specification, or a
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branch specification, in that order. For example, 'date:today' could be
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written as simply 'today', though if you have a tag called 'today' that will
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If 'REV1' and 'REV2' are revision identifiers, then 'REV1..REV2' denotes a
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revision range. Examples: '3647..3649', 'date:yesterday..-1' and
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'branch:/path/to/branch1/..branch:/branch2' (note that there are no quotes or
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spaces around the '..').
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Ranges are interpreted differently by different commands. To the "log" command,
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a range is a sequence of log messages, but to the "diff" command, the range
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denotes a change between revisions (and not a sequence of changes). In
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addition, "log" considers a closed range whereas "diff" and "merge" consider it
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to be open-ended, that is, they include one end but not the other. For example:
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"bzr log -r 3647..3649" shows the messages of revisions 3647, 3648 and 3649,
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while "bzr diff -r 3647..3649" includes the changes done in revisions 3648 and
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The keywords used as revision selection methods are the following:
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out.append("Revision Identifiers\n")
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out.append("A revision, or a range bound, can be one of the following.\n")
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details.append("\nIn addition, plugins can provide other keywords.")
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details.append("\nA detailed description of each keyword is given below.\n")
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details.append("\nFurther details are given below.\n")
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# The help text is indented 4 spaces - this re cleans that up below
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indent_re = re.compile(r'^ ', re.MULTILINE)
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for prefix, i in bzrlib.revisionspec.revspec_registry.iteritems():
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for i in bzrlib.revisionspec.SPEC_TYPES:
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if doc == bzrlib.revisionspec.RevisionSpec.help_txt:
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def add_string(proto, help, maxl, prefix_width=20):
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help_lines = textwrap.wrap(help, maxl - prefix_width,
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break_long_words=False)
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help_lines = textwrap.wrap(help, maxl - prefix_width)
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line_with_indent = '\n' + ' ' * prefix_width
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help_text = line_with_indent.join(help_lines)
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return "%-20s%s\n" % (proto, help_text)
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out += "\nSupported modifiers::\n\n " + \
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\nBazaar supports all of the standard parts within the URL::
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<protocol>://[user[:password]@]host[:port]/[path]
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allowing URLs such as::
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http://bzruser:BadPass@bzr.example.com:8080/bzr/trunk
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For bzr+ssh:// and sftp:// URLs, Bazaar also supports paths that begin
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with '~' as meaning that the rest of the path should be interpreted
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relative to the remote user's home directory. For example if the user
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``remote`` has a home directory of ``/home/remote`` on the server
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shell.example.com, then::
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bzr+ssh://remote@shell.example.com/~/myproject/trunk
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would refer to ``/home/remote/myproject/trunk``.
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Many commands that accept URLs also accept location aliases too. See
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::doc:`location-alias-help`.
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"""Bazaar %s -- a free distributed version-control tool
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http://www.bazaar.canonical.com/
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"""Bazaar -- a free distributed version-control tool
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http://bazaar-vcs.org/
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bzr init makes this directory a versioned branch
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bzr help init more help on e.g. init command
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bzr help commands list all commands
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bzr help topics list all help topics
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""" % bzrlib.__version__
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_global_options = \
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"""Global Options
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These options may be used with any command, and may appear in front of any
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command. (e.g. ``bzr --profile help``).
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command. (e.g. "bzr --profile help").
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--version Print the version number. Must be supplied before the command.
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--no-aliases Do not process command aliases when running this command.
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--builtin Use the built-in version of a command, not the plugin version.
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This does not suppress other plugin effects.
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--no-plugins Do not process any plugins.
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--concurrency Number of processes that can be run concurrently (selftest).
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--profile Profile execution using the hotshot profiler.
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--lsprof Profile execution using the lsprof profiler.
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"callgrind.out" or end with ".callgrind", the output will be
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formatted for use with KCacheGrind. Otherwise, the output
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will be a pickle.
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--coverage Generate line coverage report in the specified directory.
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See http://doc.bazaar.canonical.com/developers/profiling.html for more
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information on profiling.
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See doc/developers/profiling.txt for more information on profiling.
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A number of debug flags are also available to assist troubleshooting and
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development. See :doc:`debug-flags-help`.
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-Dauth Trace authentication sections used.
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-Derror Instead of normal error handling, always print a traceback on
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-Devil Capture call sites that do expensive or badly-scaling
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-Dhashcache Log every time a working file is read to determine its hash.
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-Dhooks Trace hook execution.
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-Dhttp Trace http connections, requests and responses
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-Dhpss Trace smart protocol requests and responses.
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-Dindex Trace major index operations.
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-Dlock Trace when lockdir locks are taken or released.
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-Dmerge Emit information for debugging merges.
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_standard_options = \
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"""Standard Options
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Standard options are legal for all commands.
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--help, -h Show help message.
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--verbose, -v Display more information.
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--quiet, -q Only display errors and warnings.
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Lightweight checkouts work best when you have fast reliable access to the
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master branch. This means that if the master branch is on the same disk or LAN
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a lightweight checkout will be faster than a heavyweight one for any commands
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that modify the revision history (as only one copy of the branch needs to
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be updated). Heavyweight checkouts will generally be faster for any command
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that uses the history but does not change it, but if the master branch is on
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the same disk then there won't be a noticeable difference.
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that modify the revision history (as only one copy branch needs to be updated).
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Heavyweight checkouts will generally be faster for any command that uses the
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history but does not change it, but if the master branch is on the same disk
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then there wont be a noticeable difference.
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Another possible use for a checkout is to use it with a treeless repository
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containing your branches, where you maintain only one working tree by
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switching the master branch that the checkout points to when you want to
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switching the master branch that the checkout points to when you want to
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work on a different branch.
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Obviously to commit on a checkout you need to be able to write to the master
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end. Checkouts also work on the local file system, so that all that matters is
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file permissions.
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You can change the master of a checkout by using the "switch" command (see
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"help switch"). This will change the location that the commits are sent to.
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The "bind" command can also be used to turn a normal branch into a heavy
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checkout. If you would like to convert your heavy checkout into a normal
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branch so that every commit is local, you can use the "unbind" command. To see
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whether or not a branch is bound or not you can use the "info" command. If the
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branch is bound it will tell you the location of the bound branch.
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You can change the master of a checkout by using the "bind" command (see "help
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bind"). This will change the location that the commits are sent to. The bind
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command can also be used to turn a branch into a heavy checkout. If you
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would like to convert your heavy checkout into a normal branch so that every
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commit is local, you can use the "unbind" command.
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Related commands::
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update Pull any changes in the master branch in to your checkout
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commit Make a commit that is sent to the master branch. If you have
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a heavy checkout then the --local option will commit to the
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a heavy checkout then the --local option will commit to the
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checkout without sending the commit to the master
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switch Change the master branch that the commits in the checkout will
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bind Change the master branch that the commits in the checkout will
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bind Turn a standalone branch into a heavy checkout so that any
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commits will be sent to the master branch
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unbind Turn a heavy checkout into a standalone branch so that any
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commits are only made locally
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info Displays whether a branch is bound or unbound. If the branch is
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bound, then it will also display the location of the bound branch
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_repositories = \
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Repositories are a form of database. Bzr will usually maintain this for
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good performance automatically, but in some situations (e.g. when doing
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very many commits in a short time period) you may want to ask bzr to
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very many commits in a short time period) you may want to ask bzr to
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optimise the database indices. This can be done by the 'bzr pack' command.
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By default just running 'bzr init' will create a repository within the new
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branch history is stored), but multiple branches may share the same
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repository (a shared repository). Branches can be copied and merged.
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In addition, one branch may be bound to another one. Binding to another
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branch indicates that commits which happen in this branch must also
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happen in the other branch. Bazaar ensures consistency by not allowing
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commits when the two branches are out of date. In order for a commit
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to succeed, it may be necessary to update the current branch using
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Related commands::
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init Change a directory into a versioned branch.
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branch Create a new branch that is a copy of an existing branch.
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init Make a directory into a versioned branch.
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branch Create a new copy of a branch.
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merge Perform a three-way merge.
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bind Bind a branch to another one.
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BZR_HOME Directory holding .bazaar config dir. Overrides HOME.
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BZR_HOME (Win32) Directory holding bazaar config dir. Overrides APPDATA and HOME.
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BZR_REMOTE_PATH Full name of remote 'bzr' command (for bzr+ssh:// URLs).
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BZR_SSH Path to SSH client, or one of paramiko, openssh, sshcorp, plink.
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BZR_LOG Location of .bzr.log (use '/dev/null' to suppress log).
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BZR_LOG (Win32) Location of .bzr.log (use 'NUL' to suppress log).
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BZR_COLUMNS Override implicit terminal width.
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BZR_CONCURRENCY Number of processes that can be run concurrently (selftest).
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================ =================================================================
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A criss-cross in the branch history can cause the default merge technique
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to emit more conflicts than would normally be expected.
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In complex merge cases, ``bzr merge --lca`` or ``bzr merge --weave`` may give
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better results. You may wish to ``bzr revert`` the working tree and merge
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again. Alternatively, use ``bzr remerge`` on particular conflicted files.
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If you encounter criss-crosses, you can use merge --weave instead, which
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should provide a much better result.
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Criss-crosses occur in a branch's history if two branches merge the same thing
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and then merge one another, or if two branches merge one another at the same
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The ``weave`` merge type is not affected by this problem because it uses
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line-origin detection instead of a basis revision to determine the cause of
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_branches_out_of_sync = """Branches Out of Sync
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When reconfiguring a checkout, tree or branch into a lightweight checkout,
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a local branch must be destroyed. (For checkouts, this is the local branch
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that serves primarily as a cache.) If the branch-to-be-destroyed does not
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have the same last revision as the new reference branch for the lightweight
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checkout, data could be lost, so Bazaar refuses.
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How you deal with this depends on *why* the branches are out of sync.
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If you have a checkout and have done local commits, you can get back in sync
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by running "bzr update" (and possibly "bzr commit").
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If you have a branch and the remote branch is out-of-date, you can push
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the local changes using "bzr push". If the local branch is out of date, you
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can do "bzr pull". If both branches have had changes, you can merge, commit
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and then push your changes. If you decide that some of the changes aren't
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useful, you can "push --overwrite" or "pull --overwrite" instead.
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To ensure that older clients do not access data incorrectly,
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Bazaar's policy is to introduce a new storage format whenever
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new features requiring new metadata are added. New storage
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formats may also be introduced to improve performance and
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The newest format, 2a, is highly recommended. If your
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project is not using 2a, then you should suggest to the
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project owner to upgrade.
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Some of the older formats have two variants:
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a plain one and a rich-root one. The latter include an additional
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field about the root of the tree. There is no performance cost
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for using a rich-root format but you cannot easily merge changes
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from a rich-root format into a plain format. As a consequence,
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moving a project to a rich-root format takes some co-ordination
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in that all contributors need to upgrade their repositories
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around the same time. 2a and all future formats will be
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implicitly rich-root.
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See :doc:`current-formats-help` for the complete list of
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currently supported formats. See :doc:`other-formats-help` for
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descriptions of any available experimental and deprecated formats.
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# Register help topics
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"Explain how to use --revision")
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topic_registry.register('basic', _basic_help, "Basic commands", SECT_HIDDEN)
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topic_registry.register('topics', _help_on_topics, "Topics list", SECT_HIDDEN)
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def get_current_formats_topic(topic):
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from bzrlib import bzrdir
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return "Current Storage Formats\n\n" + \
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bzrdir.format_registry.help_topic(topic)
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def get_other_formats_topic(topic):
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from bzrlib import bzrdir
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return "Other Storage Formats\n\n" + \
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bzrdir.format_registry.help_topic(topic)
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topic_registry.register('current-formats', get_current_formats_topic,
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'Current storage formats')
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topic_registry.register('other-formats', get_other_formats_topic,
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'Experimental and deprecated storage formats')
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def get_format_topic(topic):
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from bzrlib import bzrdir
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return "Storage Formats\n\n" + bzrdir.format_registry.help_topic(topic)
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topic_registry.register('formats', get_format_topic, 'Directory formats')
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topic_registry.register('standard-options', _standard_options,
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'Options that can be used with any command')
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topic_registry.register('global-options', _global_options,
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"Help on status flags")
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def get_bugs_topic(topic):
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from bzrlib import bugtracker
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return ("Bug Tracker Settings\n\n" +
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bugtracker.tracker_registry.help_topic(topic))
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return "Bug Tracker Settings\n\n" + \
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bugtracker.tracker_registry.help_topic(topic)
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topic_registry.register('bugs', get_bugs_topic, 'Bug tracker settings')
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topic_registry.register('env-variables', _env_variables,
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'Environment variable names and values')
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topic_registry.register('files', _files,
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'Information on configuration and log files')
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topic_registry.register_lazy('hooks', 'bzrlib.hooks', 'hooks_help_text',
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'Points at which custom processing can be added')
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# Load some of the help topics from files. Note that topics which reproduce API
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# details will tend to skew (quickly usually!) so please seek other solutions
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topic_registry.register('authentication', _load_from_file,
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'Information on configuring authentication')
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topic_registry.register('configuration', _load_from_file,
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'Details on the configuration settings available')
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topic_registry.register('conflict-types', _load_from_file,
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'Types of conflicts and what to do about them')
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topic_registry.register('debug-flags', _load_from_file,
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'Options to show or record debug information')
766
topic_registry.register('location-alias', _load_from_file,
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'Aliases for remembered locations')
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topic_registry.register('log-formats', _load_from_file,
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'Details on the logging formats available')
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# Register concept topics.
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'Information on what a branch is', SECT_CONCEPT)
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topic_registry.register('checkouts', _checkouts,
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'Information on what a checkout is', SECT_CONCEPT)
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topic_registry.register('content-filters', _load_from_file,
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'Conversion of content into/from working trees',
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topic_registry.register('diverged-branches', _load_from_file,
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'How to fix diverged branches',
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topic_registry.register('eol', _load_from_file,
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'Information on end-of-line handling',
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topic_registry.register('formats', _storage_formats,
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'Information on choosing a storage format',
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topic_registry.register('patterns', _load_from_file,
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'Information on the pattern syntax',
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topic_registry.register('repositories', _repositories,
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'Basic information on shared repositories.',
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topic_registry.register('rules', _load_from_file,
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'Information on defining rule-based preferences',
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623
topic_registry.register('standalone-trees', _standalone_trees,
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'Information on what a standalone tree is',
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'Information on working trees', SECT_CONCEPT)
806
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topic_registry.register('criss-cross', _criss_cross,
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'Information on criss-cross merging', SECT_CONCEPT)
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topic_registry.register('sync-for-reconfigure', _branches_out_of_sync,
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'Steps to resolve "out-of-sync" when reconfiguring',
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class HelpTopicIndex(object):
854
673
returned instead of plain text.
856
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result = topic_registry.get_detail(self.topic)
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# there is code duplicated here and in bzrlib/plugin.py's
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# there is code duplicated here and in bzrlib/plugin.py's
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# matching Topic code. This should probably be factored in
859
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# to a helper function and a common base class.
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if additional_see_also is not None:
added
removed
bzrlib/help_topics.py
