7
Bazaar has been designed to make it easy to
8
recover from mistakes as explained below.
10
Dropping the revision history for a project
11
-------------------------------------------
13
If you accidently put the wrong tree under version control, simply
14
delete the ``.bzr`` directory.
16
Deregistering a file or directory
17
---------------------------------
19
If you accidently register a file using ``add`` that you
20
don't want version controlled, you can use the ``remove``
21
command to tell Bazaar to forget about it.
23
``remove`` has been designed to *Do the Safe Thing* in
24
that it will not delete a modified file. For example::
27
(oops - didn't mean that)
30
This will complain about the file being modified or unknown.
31
If you want to keep the file, use the ``--keep`` option.
32
Alternatively, if you want to delete the file, use the ``--force`` option.
36
(oops - didn't mean that)
37
bzr remove --keep foo.html
38
(foo.html left on disk, but deregistered)
40
On the other hand, the unchanged ``TODO`` file is deregistered and
41
removed from disk without complaint in this example::
44
bzr commit -m "added TODO"
45
(hack, hack, hack - but don't change TODO)
49
Note: If you delete a file using your file manager, IDE or via an operating
50
system command, the ``commit`` command will implicitly treat it as removed.
52
Undoing changes since the last commit
53
-------------------------------------
55
One of the reasons for using a version control tool is that it
56
lets you easily checkpoint good tree states while working. If you
57
decide that the changes you have made since the last ``commit`` ought
58
to be thrown away, the command to use is ``revert`` like this::
62
As a precaution, it is good practice to use ``bzr status`` and
63
``bzr diff`` first to check that everything being thrown away
66
Undoing changes to a file since the last commit
67
-----------------------------------------------
69
If you want to undo changes to a particular file since the last commit but
70
keep all the other changes in the tree, pass the filename as an argument
71
to ``revert`` like this::
75
Undoing the last commit
76
-----------------------
78
If you make a commit and really didn't mean to, use the ``uncommit`` command
79
to undo it like this::
83
Unlike ``revert``, ``uncommit`` leaves the content of your working tree
84
exactly as it is. That's really handy if you make a commit and accidently
85
provide the wrong error message. For example::
87
bzr commit -m "Fix bug #11"
88
(damn - wrong bug number)
90
bzr commit -m "Fix bug #1"
92
Another common reason for undoing a commit is because you forgot to add
93
one or more files. Some users like to alias ``commit`` to ``commit --strict``
94
so that commits fail if unknown files are found in the tree.
96
Note: While the ``merge`` command is not introduced until the next
97
chapter, it is worth noting now that ``uncommit`` restores any pending
98
merges. (Running ``bzr status`` after ``uncommit`` will show these.)
99
``merge`` can also be used to effectively undo just a selected commit
100
earlier in history. For more information on ``merge``, see `Merging changes`_
101
in the next chapter and the Bazaar User Reference.
103
Undoing multiple commits
104
------------------------
106
You can use the -r option to undo several commits like this::
110
If your reason for doing this is that you really want to
111
back out several changes, then be sure to remember that ``uncommit``
112
does not change your working tree: you'll probably need to run the
113
``revert`` command as well to complete the task. In many cases though,
114
it's arguably better to leave your history alone and add a new
115
revision reflecting the content of the last good state.
117
Reverting to the state of an earlier version
118
--------------------------------------------
120
If you make an unwanted change but it doesn't make sense to uncommit
121
it (because that code has been released to users say), you can use
122
``revert`` to take your working tree back to the desired state.
125
% bzr commit "Fix bug #5"
126
Committed revision 20.
130
bzr commit -m "Backout fix for bug #5"
132
This will change your entire tree back to the state as of revision 19,
133
which is probably only what you want if you haven't made any new commits
134
since then. If you have, the ``revert`` would wipe them out as well. In that
135
case, you probably want to use `Reverse cherrypicking`_ instead to
136
back out the bad fix.
138
Note: As an alternative to using an absolute revision number (like 19), you can
139
specify one relative to the tip (-1) using a negative number like this::
146
If you have defined a tag prematurely, use the ``--force`` option of
147
the ``tag`` command to redefine it. For example::
150
(oops, we're not yet ready for that)
151
(make more commits to include more fixes)
152
bzr tag 2.0-beta-1 --force
157
If you have defined a tag and no longer want it defined, use the
158
``--delete`` option of the ``tag`` command to remove it. For example::
161
(oops, we're not releasing a 4th beta)
162
bzr tag 2.0-beta-4 --delete
added
removed
doc/en/user-guide/undoing_mistakes.txt
