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This will be written in Python, at least for the first cut, just for
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ease of development -- I think I am at least 2-3 times faster than in
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C or C++, and bugs may be less severe. I am open to the idea of
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switching to C at some time in the future, but because that is
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enormously expensive I want to avoid it until it's clearly necessary.
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Python is also a good platform to handle cross-platform portability.
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Possible reasons to go to C:
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If Linus says "I'd use it if it were written in
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C" that would be persuasive. I think the good developers we want to
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do not consider implementation language as a dominant factor. A few
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related but separate questions are important to them: modest
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dependencies, easy installation, presence in distributions (or as
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packages), active support, etc. A few queries show that Python is
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seen as relatively safe and acceptable even by people who don't
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Having scalable designs is much more important.
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Secondly, we will do most of the heavy lifting in external
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C programs in the first cut, and perhaps move these into native
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libraries later. (Subversion people had trouble in relying on GNU
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diff on legacy platforms and they had to integrate the code eventually.)
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Bindings to other languages
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If we have only a Python interpretation then it can be run as a
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shell script from emacs or similar tools. It can also be natively
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called from Python scripts, which would allow GUI bindings to almost
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every toolkit, and it can possibly be called from Java and
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.NET/Mono. By the time this is
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mature, it's possible that Python code will be able to cross-call
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Perl and other languages through Parrot.
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There should be enough options there to support a good
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infrastructure there of additional tools.
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If it was necessary to provide a C API that can perhaps be wrapped around a
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That may be useful, if there are substantial sections that approach
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or meet our goals for both design and implementation (e.g. being
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good to use from a library.)
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This does not necessarily mean doing the whole thing in C; we could
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call out to tla or could wrap particular bits into libraries.
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However, I think it's very important that a VCS can be wrapped in other
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languages so that it can be integrated in IDE's and have tools written
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A library written in c would be simple to wrap in other languages and
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therefore could be used from for example monodevelop and friends. I
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really believe this is important for a VCS.
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I agree; this is a more important argument against Python than speed,
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where I think we can be entirely adequate just using smart design.
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But there are some partial answers:
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We can design bzr to be easily called as an external process -- not
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depending on interactive input, having systematically parsed output,
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--format=xml output, etc. This is the only mode CVS supports, and
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people have built many interesting tools on top of it, and it's still
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popular for svn and tla. For things like editor integration this is
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often the easiest way.
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Secondly, there is a good chance of calling into Python from other
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languages. There are projects like Jython, IronPython, Parrot and so
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on that may well fix this.
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Thirdly, we can present a Python library through a C interface; this
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might seem a bit wierd but I think it will work fine. Python is
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easily embeddable; this might be the best way for Windows IDE
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Finally, if none of these work, then we can always recode in C,
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treating Python only as a prototype.
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I think working in Python I can develop it at least twice as fast as
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in C, particularly in this early phase where the design is still being
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worked out. Although all other things being equal it might be nice to
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be in pure C, but I don't think it's worth paying that price.
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One of the problems with darcs is that it's such a mess wrapping it.
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Experiments to date on large trees show that even with little
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optimization, bzr is mostly disk-bound, and the CPU time usage is only
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a few seconds. That supports the position that Python performance
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doc/python.txt
